Detailed Explanation of Node.js Core Module fs: Easily Implement File Reading and Writing

The `fs` module in Node.js is a core tool for interacting with the file system, supporting both synchronous and asynchronous APIs. Synchronous methods block code execution, while asynchronous methods are non-blocking and suitable for high concurrency; beginners are advised to prioritize learning asynchronous operations first. Basic operations include file reading and writing: for asynchronous reading, use `readFile` (requiring callbacks to handle errors and data), and for synchronous reading, use `readFileSync` (requiring `try/catch` blocks). Writing can be either overwriting (`writeFile`) or appending (`appendFile`). Directory operations include `mkdir` (supports recursive creation), `readdir` (lists directory contents), and `rmdir` (only removes empty directories). Path handling should use the `path` module. It is recommended to combine `__dirname` (the directory where the script is located) to construct absolute paths, avoiding reliance on relative paths that depend on the execution location. For large file processing, streams (Stream) should be used to read/write data in chunks and avoid excessive memory usage. Common issues: Path errors can be resolved by using absolute paths, and large files should be processed with the `pipe` stream method. Practical suggestions include starting with simple read/write and directory operations, combining them with the `path` module, and understanding the advantages of the asynchronous non-blocking model.